Law Authorities

with the abbreviations by which they are cited.

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• A. (a.) B. (b.) — A. front, B. back of a leaf.
• A.; An.; Anon. — Anonymous.
• A. B. — Anonymous, at the end of Bendloe's Reports. 1661. (Cited as 'New Bendloe.')
• Ab. Sh. — Abbot on Shipping.
• Abr. Ca. Eq. — Abridgment of Cases in Equity.
• Acc. or Ag. or Agr. — Accords or agrees.
• Act. — Acton's Reports.
• Act. Reg. — Acta Regia.
• Ad. Eject. — Adams on Ejectments.
• Ad. & Ellis. — Adolphus and Ellis's King's Bench Reports.
• Add. Eccl. Rep. — Addams's Reports. Ecclesiastical Courts.
• Al. — Aleyn's Reports.
• Alln. Part. — Allnatt on Partition.
• Amb. — Ambler's Reports in Chancery.
• And. 1. 2. — Anderson's Reports, 2 parts.
• Andr. — Andrews's Reports.
• Ann. — Cases in K. B. temp. Hardwicke.
• Annaly. — Reports temp. Hardwicke.
• Anon. — Anonymous.
• Anst. — Anstruther's Reports.
• Arch. C. P. — Archbold's Civil Pleadings.
• Arch. Or. P. — Archbold's Criminal Pleadings.
• Arch. Crim. PI. & Ev. — Archbold's Criminal Pleadings and Evidence.
• Arch. K. B. — Archbold's K. B. Practice.
• Arch. P. C. — Archbold's pleas of the Crown.
• Ash. Ch., or Ov. — Ashdowne's Church-warden and Overseer.
• Ass., or Lib. Ass. — Liber Assisarum, or Pleas of the Crown.
• Ast. Ent. — Aston's Entries.
• Atk. — Atkyns's Reports in Chancery.
• Ath. P. T. — Atkyns's Parliamentary Tracts.
• Ayl. — Ayliffe's Parergon.

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• B., or C. B. — Common Bench.
• B. & A.; B. & Ald. — Barnewall and Alderson's Reports. King's Bench.
• B. & Ad.; Barn. & Adol. — Barnewall and Adolphus's Reports, King's Bench.
• B. & C.; B. & Cr. (K. B.); Barn. & C.; Barn. & Cres. — Barnewall and Cresswell's Reports. King's Bench.
• B. C. C.; Br. Ch. Rep.; Bro. C. C. — Brown's Chancery Cases.
• B. Ecol. L.; Burn's Eccl. L. — Burn's Ecclesiastical Law.
• B. Just. — Burn's Justice.
• B. M. — Montagu's Digest of the New Decisions in Bankruptcy.
• B. N. C. — Brooke's New Cases.
• B. & P., or Boss. & Pull. — Bosanquet and Puller's Reports.
• B. R. — Banco Regis. King's Bench.
• B. Tr. — Bishop's Trial.
• Ba. & Be; Ball & B. — Ball and Beatty's Reports in Chancery in Ireland.
• Bac. Ahr. — Bacon's Abridgment.
• Banc. Sup. — Upper Bench.
• Barl. — Barlow's Justice.
• Barn. K. B. — Barnardiston's K. B. Reports.
• Barn. C. — Barnardiston's Chancery Reports.
• Barnes. — Barnes's Notes of Practice.
• Barringt. — Barrington's Observations on the Statutes.
• Bart. El. — Barton's Elements.
• Bart. Prec. — Barton's Precedents,
• Bayl. — Bayley on Bills.
• Bea. Co. — Beames's Costs in Equity.
• Bea. Pl. Eq. — Beames's Pleas in Equity.
• Benl.; Bendl. — Benloe, or Bendloe's Reports.
• Bing. — Bingham's Reports. Common Pleas.
• Bing. N. S. — Bingham's New Reports in the Common Pleas.
• Bingh. P. — P. Bingham's Law and Practice of Judgment and Execution.
• Black. — Blackerby's Justice.
• Bla. Com. — Blackstone's Commentaries.
• Black, (H.) — Henry Blackstone's Reports.
• W. Black.; Black. Rep. — Sir W. Blackstone's Reports.
• Bl. — Blount.
• Bli. — Bligh's Reports.
• Bo. R. Act. — Booth's Real Actions.
• Bos. & Pul. — Bosanquet and Puller's Reports. Common Pleas.
• Bosc. — Boscawen on Convictions.
• Bott. — Bott's Poor Laws.
• Bott. cont. — Bott's Poor Laws continued to Hil. T. 1814.
• Br.; Bro. — Brooke, Brown, Brownlow.
• Br. Ab. — Brooke's Abridgment.
• Br. Brev. Jud. & Ent. — Brownlow's Brevia Judicial, &c.
• Br. Ch. Rep. — Brown's Reports in Chancery.
• Bra. — Brady or Bracton.
• Bradby. — Bradby on Distresses.
• Bridg. — Bridgman's Reports on Conveyancing.
• Bridg. (Sir O. R.) — Bridgman's Reports, by Bannister.
• Brod. & Bing. — Broderip and Bingham's Reports. C. P.
• Bro. — Brown's Chancery Cases.
• Bro., Brow. Ent. — Brown's Entries.
• Bro. A. C. L. — Browne's Admiralty Civil Law.
• Bro. P. C. — Brown's Parliamentary Cases.
• Bro. V. M. — Brown's Vade Mecum.
• Brown C. C. — Brown's Chancery Reports,
• Brownl. 1. 2. — Brownlow and Goldesborough's Reports, 2 parts.
• Brownl. Rediv, or Ent. — Brownlow's Redivivus.
• Buck. — Buck's Reports in Bankruptcy.
• Bul. N. P. — Buller's Nisi Prius.
• Bulst. — Bulstrode's Reports. K. B.
• Bunb. — Bunbury's Reports, Exchequer.
• Burr. — Burrow's Reports.
• Bur. S. C. — Burrow's Settlement Cases.
• Byth. Prec. — Bythewood's Precedents.

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• C., or Cod., or Cod. Jur. — Codex (Juris Civilis) Gibson's,
• Ca. — Case or Placita.
• Ca. P. or Parl. — Cases in Parliament.
• C. B., or C. P. — Common Pleas.
• C. C.; Ch. Ca. — Chancery Cases.
• C. C. R. — Russell and Ryan's Crown Cases reserved.
• C. & P.; Car. & P. Rep.; Car. & P. — Carrington's and Payne's Reports at Nisi Prius.
• C. P. — Common Pleas.
• C. R. — Court of Review.
• Ca. T. K. — Select Cases tempore King.
• Ca. temp. H.; Cas. temp. Hardw. — Cases tempore Hardwicke, in King's Bench.
• Cal. — Callis, Calthorpe.
• Cald. R. — Caldecott's Reports of Settlement Cases.
• Cald. S. C. — Caldecott's Settlement Cases.
• Caldw. Arbit. — Caldwell on Arbitration.
• Caldw. P. L. — Caldwell's Poor Laws.
• Calth. — Calthorpe's Reports.
• Camp. — Campbell's Reports. Nisi Prius.
• Can. — Canons of the Church, made in 1603.
• Car. & P. Rep.; Carr. & P. — Carrington and Payne's Reports. Nisi Prius.
• Cart. — Carter's Reports.
• Carth. — Carthew's Reports, K. B.
• Cary. — Cary's Reports.
• Cas. B. R. — Cases tempore W. III.
• Cas. L. Eq. — Cases in Law and Equity.
• Cas. Pra. C. P. — Cases of Practice Common Pleas.
• Cas. temp. Talb. — Cases tempore Lord Chancellor Talbot.
• Cawl. — Cawley.
• Ch. Ca. — Chancery Cases.
• Ch. Pre. — Precedents in Chancery.
• Ch. R. — Reports in Chancery.
• Chamb. Est. — Chambers's Estates and Tenures.
• Chamb. Lea. — Chambers on Leases.
• Chamb. T. L. — Chambers's Tenant Law.
• Chitt. Com. L. — Chitty's Commercial Law.
• Chitt. Crim. L. — Chitty's Criminal Law.
• Chitty's G. L. — Chitty on the Game Laws, &c.
• Chitt. Pre. — Chitty's Prerogative.
• Chitty's R. M. — Chitty on the Rights of Manors.
• Chitt. Rep. — Chitty's Reports.
• Chris. B. L. — Christian's Bankrupt Laws.
• Christian's G. L. — Christian on the Game Laws.
• CI. & Fin. — Clarke and Finnelly.
• Clap. Sess. L. — Clapham's Points of Sessions Law. 1818.
• Clay. — Clayton's Reports.
• Cl. Ass. — Clerk's Assistant.
• Clift. — Clift's Entries.
• Co. — Coke's Reports.
• Co. B. L. — Cooke's Bankrupt Laws. Cole on the English Bankrupt Laws.
• Co. Cop. — Coke's Copyholder.
• Co. Ent. — Coke's Entries.
• Co. Lit. — Coke on Littleton (1st Institute).
• Co. M. C. — Coke's Magna Charta (2d Institute).
• Co. P. C. — Coke's Pleas of the Crown (3d Institute).
• Co. on Courts. — Coke's (4th Institute).
• Code Nap. — Code Napoleon.
• Coke's Inst. — Coke, 2d, 3d, and 4th Parts of the Institutes of the Laws of England.
• Com. — Comyn's Reports.
• Com. T. L. — Comyn's Tenant Law.
• Com. Con. — Comyn on Contracts.
• Com. Dig. — Comyn's Digest.
• Com. Par. Off. — Complete Parish Officer.
• Comb. — Comberbach's Reports.
• Cont. — Contra.
• Coo. Eq. P. — Cooper's Equity Pleading.
• Coo. Mort. — Coote on Mortgages.
• Coo. Rep.; Cooper. — Cooper's Reports.
• Coo. T. L. — Coote's Tenant Law.
• Cooke's B. L. — Cooke's Bankrupt Laws.
• Con. Rep. — Consistory Reports, by Haggard.
• Cot. — Cotton.
• Cot. Ab. R. — Cotton's Abridgment of Records.
• Cov. Rec. — Coventry on Recoveries.
• Cowp. — Cowper's Reports.
• Cox. — Cox's Cases in Equity.
• Cr. & Jer.; Cromp. & Jerv. — Crompton and Jervis's Exchequer Reports.
• Cro. — Keilwey's Reports, by Croke.
• Cro. Cir. C. — Crown Circuit Companion.
• Cro. Mee. & R.; Cromp. Mees. & Rosc. — Crompton, Meeson, and Roscoe's Exchequer Reports.
• Cro. Car. — Croke's Reports temp. Chas.
• Cro. 1,2, 3. — Croke's Reports. (Eliz. Jam. Cha.)
• Cro. Eliz. — Croke's Reports temp. Elizabeth.
• Cro. jac. — Croke's Reports temp. James.
• Cromp. J. C. — Crompton's Jurisdictions of Courts.
• Cromp. — Crompton's Justice of the Peace.
• Cromp. & Mees. — Crompton and Meeson's Exchequer Reports.
• Can. — Cunningham's Reports.
• Cro. — sometimes refers to Keilwey's Reports, published by Serjt. Croke.
• Curt. — Curteis's Ecclesiastical Reports.

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• D. — Dictum, Digest (Juris Civilis).
• D. & C. — Deacon and Chitty's Reports in Cases of Bankruptcy.
• D. & R.; Dowl. & R. — Dowling and Ryland's Reports. K. B.
• D. & St. — Doctor and Student.
• Dal. — Dalison's Reports.
• Dalt. Just. — Dalton's Justice.
• Dalt. Sh. — Dalton's Sheriff.
• Dan. — Daniel's Reports.
• D'Anv. — D'Anvers's Abridgment.
• Dav. — Davis's Reports, respecting Patents, &c.
• Dea. & Ch. — Deacon and Chitty.
• Deg. — Degge's Parson's Counsellor.
• Deh. — Dehany's Turnpike Acts.
• D'Ew. — D'Ewe's Journal.
• Di.; Dy.; Dyer. — Dyer's Reports.
• Dial. de Scacc. — Dialogus de Scaccario.
• Dick. — Dickin's Reports.
• Dick. Just.; Dickenson. — Dickenson's Justice.
• Dig. — Digest of Writs.
• Dob. Sty. — Dobie's Styles.
• Dod. Rep. — Dodson's Admiralty Reports.
• Dom. Proc. — Domini Proctor; Cases House of Lords.
• Doug. — Douglas's Reports. K. B.
• Dow. — Dow's Reports. House of Lords.
• Dowl. Pr. Ca. — Dowling's Practice Cases.
• Dub. — Dubitatur.
• Dugd. Orig.; Dugd., D. J. or Jud. — Dugdale's Origines Juridicales.
• Dug. S.; Dugd. Sum. — Dugdale's Summonses.
• Duke. — Duke's Charitable Uses.
• Durnf. — Durnford and East, or Term Reports. K. B.

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• E. — Easter Term, or Eden.
• E. T. — Easter Term.
• E. of Cov. — Earl of Coventry's Case.
• East. — East's Reports. K. B.
• East. P. C. — East's Pleas of the Crown.
• Eden. — Eden's Reports of Northington's Cases.
• Edw. Ad. R. — Edwards's Admiralty Reports.
• Eq. Ca.; Eq. Ab.; Eq. Ca. Abr. — Equity Cases Abridged.
• Ersk. Inst. — Erskine's Institute of the Law of Scotland.
• Esp. — Espinasse.
• Esp. Ac. Stats. — Espinasse's Action on the Statutes.
• Esp. Ev. — Espinasse's Evidence.
• Esp. N. P. — Espinasse's Digest.
• Esp. P. Stats. — Espinasse's Penal Statutes.
• Esp. Rep.; Esp. N. P. Rep. — Espinasse's Reports at Nisi Prius.
• Ev. Col. Stat. — Evans's Collection of Statutes.
• Ex.; Exp. — Expired.

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• F., or Fitz. — Fitzherbert's Abridgment. — Fitzherbert's Abridgment is commonly referred to by the older law writers by the title and number of the placita only, e. g. Coron. 30.
• F. N. B.; Fitz. N. B. — Fitzherbert's Natura Brevium.
• Far. — Farresly (7 Mod. Rep.).
• Fell, Mer. G. — Fell on Mercantile Guarantees.
• Ff. — Pandectae (Juris Civilis). — This reference, which frequently occurs in Blackstone and other writers, applied to the Pandects or Digests of the civil law, is a corruption of the Greek letter π. Vide Calvini Lexicon Jurid. voc. Digestorum.
• Field. Pen. Stat. — Fielding's Penal Laws. 1769.
• Fin.; Finch's Rep. — Finch's Reports. Chancery.
• Finch. — Finch's Law.
• Fitz.; Fitz. G. — Fitz-Gibbon's Reports.
• Fl. — Fleta.
• Flat. Dig. — Flather's Digest.
• Fol. — Foley's Poor Laws.
• Fonbl. Eq. — Fonblanque on Equity.
• For. — Forrest's Reports.
• For. Pla. — Brown's Formulae bene placitandi.
• Forrester. — Cases tempore Talbot.
• Forst.; Fost. — Foster's Crown Law.
• Forts.; Fort.; Fortesc. — Fortescue's Reports.
• Fra.; Fra. M. — Francis's Maxims.
• Freem. — Freeman's Reports.

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• G. & J.; Gl. & J.; Gl. and Jam.; Glyn & J.; Glyn & Jam. — Glyn and Jameson's Reports, Cases in Bankruptcy.
• Gib. Cod.; Gibs. Codex. — Gibson's Codex Juris Civilis.
• Gilb. — Gilbert's Cases in Law and Equity.
• Gilb. C. P. — Gilbert's Common Pleas.
• Gilb. Dis. — Gilbert on Distresses.
• Gilb. Eq., or Rep. Eq. — Gilbert's Reports in Equity.
• Gilb. Ev. — Gilbert's Law of Evidence.
• Gilb. Ex. — Gilbert's Executions.
• Gilb. Exch. — Gilbert's Treatise on the Exchequer.
• Gilb. K. B. — Gilbert's King's Bench.
• Gilb. Rem. — Gilbert's Remainders.
• Gilb. Us. — Gilbert's Uses.
• Godb. — Godbolt's Reports.
• Godol.; Godolph. — Godolphin.
• Gods. Pat. — Godson on Patents.
• Golds. — Goldsborough's Reports.
• Gow. — Gow's Reports. Nisi Prius.
• Greenw. — Greenwood on Courts.
• Gro. de J. B. — Grotius de Jure Belli.
• Gwill. — Gwillim's Tithe Cases.

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• H. — Hilary Term.
• H. Bl. — H. Black.
• H. H. P. C — Hales's Hist. Plac. Cor.
• H. P. C — Hales's Pleas of the Crown.
• Hagg. Adm. R. — Haggard's Admiralty Reports.
• Hagg.; Hagg. Con. Rep, — Haggard's Reports of Cases in the Consistory Court of London.
• Hagg. Eccl. Rep. — Haggard's Ecclesiastical Reports.
• Hale P. C. — Hale's Pleas of the Crown.
• Hale's Sum. — Hale's Summary of Pleas of the Crown.
• Hans. — Hansard's Entries.
• Hans. Parl. Deb. — Hansard's Parliamentary Debates.
• Hard. — Hardres's Reports. Exchequer.
• Hardw. — Cases tempore Hardwicke.
• Haw.; Hawk. P. C. — Hawkins's Pleas of the Crown.
• Her. — Herne.
• Het. — Hetley's Reports.
• H. T.; Hi.; Hil — Hilary Term.
• Highm. Lun. — Highmore on Lunacy.
• Highm. — Highmore on Mortmain.
• Hob. — Hobart's Reports.
• Holt. — Reports temp. Holt.
• Holt Lib. — Holt on Libel.
• Holt's N. P. Rep. — Holt's Nisi Prius Reports.
• Holt's Rep. — Holt's Reports.
• Holt Sh. — Holt on Shipping.
• How. St. Tr.; Howells St. Tri. — Howell's Collection of State Trials.
• Hugh.; Hugh. Ent. — Hughes's Entries.
• Humph. R. P. — Humphrey on the English Law of Real Property.
• Hut. — Hutton's Reports.

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• Imp. C. F. — Impey's Practice, Common Pleas.
• Imp. K. B. — Impey's Practice, King's Bench.
• Imp. Sh. — Impey's Sheriff.
• Imp. Pl. — Impey's Pleader.
• Infra, and Supra. — (Below, and Above.) References to the same division or subdivision.
• Inst. — Lord Coke's Institutes.
• Tnst. 2d & 3d. — Coke's 2d, 3d, &c., Institutes.
• Inst. I, 2, 3. — Justinian's Institutes, lib. 1, tit. 2. sec. 3.

• J. & W.; Jac. & W.; Jac. & Walk. — Jacob and Walker's Reports.
• Jan. Angl. — Jani Anglorum.
• Jenk. — Jenkins's Reports. Exchequer.
• 1 Jon, — Sir William Jones's Reports.
• 2 Jon. — Sir Thomas Jones's Reports.
• Jud. — Judgments.

• K. B. — King's Bench.
• K. C. R. — Reports tempore King C.
• Keb. — Keble's Reports. K. B.
• Keilw. — Keilwey's Reports.
• Kel.; Kely. — Sir John Kelynge's Reports.
• Kely. 1, 2. — William Kelynge's Reports, 2 parts.
• Ken. — Kennet.
• Keny. — Kenyon's Reports.
• Kit. — Kitchin on Courts.

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• L. C. — Lord Chancellor.
• La. — Lane's Reports.
• Lamb. — Lambard's Eirenarcha.
• Lat. — Latch's Reports.
• Ld. H. — Lord Hardwicke.
• Ld. — Raym Lord Raymond.
• Le. — Ley's Reports.
• Leach; Lea. C. L. — Leach's Crown Cases.
• Leon. — Leonard's Reports.
• Lev. — Levinz's Reports. C. P.
• Lev. Ent. — Levinz's Entries.
• Lewin, C. C. — Lewin's Crown Cases on Northern Circuit.
• Lex Man. — Lex Maneriorum.
• Lex Mercat. Red. — Lex Mercatoria Rediviva, by Beawes.
• Ley. — Ley's Reports.
• Lib. Ass. — Liber Assisarum, or Pleas of the Crown.
• Lib. Feud. — Liber Feudorum.
• Lib. Int. — Liber Intrationum. Old Book of Entries.
• Lib. Pl. — Liber Placitandi.
• Lib. Reg. — Register Book.
• Lib. Rub. — Red Book.
• Lil.; Lill. — Lilly's Report of Assize.
• Lil. Abr. — Lilly's Practical Register. Abridgment.
• Lill. Ent. — Lilly's Entries.
• Lind. — Lindwood's Provinciale.
• Lit.; Litt. R. — Littleton's Reports.
• Lit. with S. — Littleton, S. for section.
• Lofft. — Lofft's Reports.
• Long Quinto. — Year Book, pt. 10.
• Lub. Pl. — Lubé on Pleading.
• Lut. Ent. — Lutwyche's Entries.
• Lutw. — Lutwyche's Reports.

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• M. T.; Mich. — Michaelmas Term.
• M. & A.; Mont. & Ayr. — Montagu and Ayrton. Cases in Bankruptcy.
• M. & B. — Montagu and Bligh.
• M. & K. — Mylne and Keene.
• M. & P.; Moo. & Pay. — Moore and Payne's Reports. C. P.
• M. & R. — Manning and Ryland's King's Bench Reports.
• MS. — Manuscript.
• M. & S. — Maule and Selwyn's Reports. K. B.
• MS. C. C. R. — Manuscript Crown Cases reserved.
• M. & Scott; Moore & S. — Moore and Scott. Reports of Cases argued in Common Pleas and Exchequer.
• MS. (D.) — Manuscript of Mr. Durnford.
• Mad.; Madd. Rep. — Maddock's Reports in Vice Chancellor's Court.
• Mad. Chanc. — Maddock's Chancery Practice.
• Mad. Exch. — Madox's History of the Exchequer.
• Mad. Farm. — Madox's Formulare Anglicanum.
• Mal. — Malyne's Lex Mercatoria.
• Man. & Gran. — Manning and Granger's Exchequer Reports.
• Manw. — Manwood's Forest Laws.
• Mar. — March's Reports.
• Mar. Ins. — Marshall's Insurance.
• Marsh. — Marshall's Reports. Common Pleas.
• Mee. & Ros. — Meeson and Roscoe.
• Mer. R.; Mer. Ch. Rep. — Merivale's Reports in Chancery.
• Mir. — Home's Mirror of Justices.
• Mireh. — Mirehouse on Tithes.
• Mireh. Adv. — Mirehouse on Advowsons.
• Miff. — Mitford's Pleading.
• Mo. — Moore's Reports.
• Mo.; Moore (J. B.) Rept. — Moore's Reports. C. P.
• Mod.; Modern. — Modern Reports, in Law and Equity.
• Mod. C. — Modern Cases.
• Mod. C. L. & Eq. — Modern Cases in Law and Equity (8 and 9 Mod. Rep.)
• Mod. Int. — Modus Intrandi.
• Mod.; Mod. Rep.; Modern. — Modern Reports.
• Moll.; Moll de Jur. Mar. — Molloy de Jure Maritimo.
• Mont. B. L.; Bt. Laws. — Montagu's Bankrupt Laws.
• Mont. & Bli. — Montague and Bligh.
• Mon. Eq. Pl. — Montagu's Equity Pleading.
• Mon. Part. — Montagu on Partnership.
• Mont. — Montagu's New Decisions in Bankruptcy.
• Mont. & Gregg. Dig. — Montagu and Gregg's Digest of Bankrupt Laws.
• M. & M.; Mont. & Maca. — Montagu and Mac Arthur.
• M., or Mood. C. C. R. — Moody's Crown Cases reserved.
• Moo.& Malk.; Moody & M. — Moody and Malkins's Nisi Prius Reports.
• Mood. & Rob. — Moody and Robinson's Nisi Prius Reports.
• Mos. — Moseley's Reports.
• M. P. Ex. — Modern Practice Exchequer.
• MS. Sum. — Lord Hale's Summary of Pleas of the Crown, with Manuscript Notes and Additions.
• My. & Cr. — Mylne and Craig's Chancery Reports.
• Myl. & Kee. — Mylne and Keene.

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• N. Sent. — New Bendloe.
• N. L. — Nelson's Lutwyche.
• N. & M.; N. & Man.; Nev. & Man — Neville and Manning's King's Bench Reports.
• N. Nov. — Novellae (Juris Civilis).
• N. R.; New Rep. — Bosanquet and Puller's New Reports.
• Nar. Con. — Nares on Convictions.
• Nel. C. B. — Nelson's Reports in Chancery.
• Nels. — Nelson's Justice.
• No. N. — Novae Narrationes.
• Nol.; Nol. P. L. — Nolan's Poor Laws.
• Nol. Rep. — Nolan's Reports.
• Nol. Sett. — Nolan's Settlement Cases.
• North. — Northington's Reports.
• Noy. — Noy's Reports.

• O. Benl. — Old Bendloe.
• Off. Br. — Officina Brevium.
• Off. Ex. — Office of Executors.
• Oldn. P. — Oldnall's Welsh Practice.
• Ord. Ch. — Orders in Chancery.
• Ord. Cla. — Orders, Lord Clarendon's.
• Ow. — Owen's Reports.

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• P.; Pas. (Pascha.) — Easter Term.
• P.C. — Pleas of the Crown.
• P.p.; Pla. Par. — Placita Parliamentaria.
• Paley P. A. — Paley's Law of Principal and Agent.
• Pal. Con. — Paley on Conviction.
• Pal. — Palmer's Reports. King's Bench.
• Park. — Parker's Reports. Exchequer.
• Park. Ins. — Park on Insurance.
• Par. L. — Shaw's Parish Law.
• Pat. Mort. — Patch on Mortgages.
• Pea.; Peake's Rep. — Peake's Reports.
• Peak. Ca. — Peake's Cases at Nisi Prius.
• Peak. Ev. — Peake's Evidence.
• Peckw. — Peckwell's Election Cases.
• Perk. — Perkins's Conveyances.
• Petersd. Ba. — Petersdorff on Bail.
• Phill. Ev. — Phillips' Law of Evidence.
• Phillim.; Phil. Rep. — Phillimore's Reports.
• Pig. — Pigot's Recoveries.
• Pl; Pla. — Placita.
• Pl. Com. — Plowden's Commentaries or Reports.
• Plow.; Plowd. — Plowden's Treatise on Tithes.
• Pol.; Pollexf. — Pollexfen's Reports.
• Poph. — Popham's Reports.
• 2 Poph. — Cases at the end of Popham's Reports.
• Post, & Ante. (After, and Before.) — References to divisions of same title.
• Paw. Mort. — Powell on Mortgages.
• Pow. Mort. by Cov. — Powell on Mortgages, by Coventry.
• Poynt. Mar. — Poynter on Marriages.
• PR. — Private.
• P.R.C.P. — Pract. Register in Common Pleas.
• Pract. Chan. — Practice in Chancery. 1672.
• Pract. Reg. — Practical Register of Common pleas.
• Pr. Reg. Ch. — Practical Register in Chancery.
• Pre. Ch. — Precedents in Chancery.
• Pres. Es. — Preston on Estates.
• Prest. Abs. — Preston on Abstracts.
• Prest. Con. — Preston on Conveyancing.
• Pr.; Pri. — Price's Reports. Exchequer.
• Priv. Land. — Privilegia Londini.
• Pr. St. — Private Statute.
• Pult. — Pulton de Pace Regis et Regni. 1609.
• P. W.; P. Wms. — Peere Williams's Reports.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V - W - Y

• Quinti Quinto. — Year Book, 5 Hen. V.
• Q. War. — Quo Warranto.

• R. — Resolved, Repealed.
• R. S. L. — Readings upon the Statutes. 1723.
• Rast. — Rastall's Entries and Statutes.
• Raym. — Raymond.
• T. Raym. — Sir Thomas Raymond's Reports.
• Ld. Raym. — Lord Raymond's Reports.
• Raym. Ent. — Lord Raymond's Entries.
• Ree. E. L. — Reeve's English Law.
• Reg. Brev. — Register of Writs.
• Beg. Jud. — Registrum Judiciale.
• Reg. Pl. — Regula Placitandi.
• Rep. (1, 2, &c.) — 1, 2, &c. Coke's Reports.
• Rep. Eg. — Gilbert's Reports in Equity.
• Rep. Jur. — Repertorium Juridicum.
• Rep. Q. A. — Reports tempore Q. Anne.
• Rep. temp. Finch. — Finch's Reports.
• Ridg. — Ridgway's Reports.
• Rigge on Registr. — Rigge on Registering Deeds.
• Ritson. — Ritson's Office of Constable.
• Ro. Abr. — Rolle's Abridgment.
• Ro. Rep. — Rolle's Reports.
• Rob. — Robinson's Entries.
• Bob. Adm. — Robinson's Admiralty Reports.
• Rob. App. — Robertson's Appeal Cases.
• Roll. — Roll of the Term.
• Roll. & Roll. Abr. — Rolle, Rep. and Abridgment.
• Rop. B. F. — Roper on Husband and Wife.
• Ros. B. Rep. — Rose's Bankruptcy Reports.
• Rosc. Ev. — Roscoe on Evidence.
• Rosc. Crim. Ev. — Roscoe on Criminal Evidence.
• Run. Ejec. — Runnington's Ejectment.
• Russ. — Russell.
• Russ. Cr. — Russell on Crimes and Misdemeanours.
• Russ. & M. — Russell and Mylne's Chancery Reports.
• Russ. & Ry. C. C. R. — Russell and Ryan's Crown Cases reserved.
• Rushw. — Rushworth's Collections.
• Ry. F. — Rymer's Foedera.
• Ry. & Mo. — Ryan and Moody's Reports.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V - W - Y

• S.; Sect.; §. — Section.
• S. B. — Upper Bench.
• S. C. — Same Case.
• S. & D. — Shaw and Dunlop's Cases in Court of Session.
• S. & L.; Sch. & Lef. — Schoales and Lefroy's Reports, Chancery, in Ireland.
• S. & St.; Sim. & St;. — Simon's and Stuart's Reports. V. C. Court.
• Salk. — Salkeld's Reports.
• Sand. U. T. — Sanders on Uses and Trusts.
• Saund. — Saunders's Reports.
• Sav. — Savile's Reports.
• Say. — Sayer's Reports.
• Sel. Ca. Ch. — Select Cases in Chancery.
• Seld. — Selden.
• Seld. Tit. of Hon. — Selden's Titles of Honour.
• Sel. Pr. — Sellon's Practice.
• Selw. N. P. — Selwyn's Law of Nisi Prius.
• Sem. — Semble, seems.
• Sess. Ca. — Sessions Cases.
• Sess. Pap. — The Old Baily Sessions Papers.
• Sett. & Rem. — Cases in K. B. concerning Settlements and Removals.
• Shaw. — Shaw's Justice.
• Shaw P. L. — Shaw's Parish Law.
• Shep. Touchst. — Sheppard's Touchstone.
• Show. — Shower's Reports.
• Show. P. C. — Shower's Cases in Parliament.
• Sid. — Siderfin's Reports.
• Sim. — Simons's Reports of Cases in Chancery.
• Sim. & Stu. — Simons's and Stuart's Reports in the Vice Chancellor's Court.
• Simeon. — Simeon on Elections.
• Skin. — Skinner's Reports.
• Smith. — Smith's Reports.
• Som. — Somers, Somner.
• Spel. — Spelman.
• S. C. C. — Select Chancery Cases.
• S. P. — Same Point.
• St. Ca. — Stillingfleet's Cases.
• St. T. — State Trials.
• Sta. — Starkie.
• Stark. C. L. — Starkie's Criminal Law.
• Stark. C. P. — Starkie's Criminal Pleading.
• Stark. Ev. — Starkie on Evidence.
• Stark. N. P. — Starkie's Nisi Prius Reports.
• Staunf. P. C. & Pr. — Staunford's Pleas of the Crown and Prerogative.
• Stat. W., or W. — Statutes Westminster.
• Steph. Plead. — Stephen on Pleading.
• Str.; Stra. — Strange's Reports in Law and Equity.
• Sty. — Style's Reports.
• Sug. Pow. — Sugden on Powers.
• Sug. Ven.; Sugden's Vend. & Purch. — Sugden's Law of Vendors and Purchasers.
• Sw.; Swanst. — Swanston's Reports in Chancery.
• Swin. — Swinburne on Wills.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V - W - Y

• T. R, — Term. Rep., Teste Rege.
• T. R. E., or T. E. R. — Tempore Regis Edwardi.
• Talb. — Cases tempore Lord Talbot.
• Taun. — Taunton's Reports. C. P.
• Terms of the L. — Terms of the Law.
• Th. Dig. — Theloall's Digest.
• Th. Br. — Thesaurus Brevium.
• Tidd. App. — Tidd's Appendix.
• Tidd. Co. — Tidd's Costs.
• Tidd's Pr. — Tidd's Practice.
• Tol. Ex. — Toller's Executors.
• Tom. Diet. — Tomlin's Law Dictionary.
• Too. M. M. — Toone's Magistrates' Manual.
• Too. Ov. G. — Toone's Overseers' Guide.
• Toth. — Tothill's Reports.
• Town's Jud. — Townsend's Judgments.
• Tr. Eq. — Treatise of Equity.
• Trem. — Tremaine's Pleas of the Crown.
• Tri. per Pais. — Trials per Pais.
• Trin. — Trinity Term.
• Trye. — Trye's Jus. Filazarii.
• Turn. — Turner's (Ch.) Reports.
• Tyr. & Tynd. Dig. — Tyrwhitt and Tyndale's Digest of Statutes.
• Tyrr. Sugg. — Tyrrell's Suggestions.
• Tyrw. — Tyrwhitt's Exchequer Reports.
• Tyrw. & Gran. — Tyrwhitt and Granger's Exchequer Reports.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V - W - Y

• V. & B.; Ves. & B.; Ves. & Beam. — Vesey and Beame's Reports in Chancery.
• V. C. — Vice Chancellor.
• Vaugh. — Vaughan's Reports.
• Vent. — Ventris's Reports.
• Vern. — Vernon's Reports in Chancery.
• Ves. sen. — Vesey's (sen.) Reports in Chancery.
• Ves.; Ves. jun. — Vesey's (jun.) Reports in Chancery.
• Vet. Ent. — Old B. Entries.
• Vet. N. B. — Old Nat. Brevium.
• Vez. — Vezey's Reports.
• Vid. — Vidian's Entries.
• Vin. — Viner.
• Vin. Abr. — Viner's Abridgment.
• Vin. Inst. — Viner's Institutes.

• W. 1. W. 2. — Statutes Westminster, 1 , 2.
• W. & S. — Wilson and Shaw.
• Wat. Cop. — Watkins's Copyholds.
• Wats. — Watson on Awards; or, Watson's Sheriff.
• Wats. Cl. — Watson's Clergyman's Law.
• Wats. P. — Watson's Partnership.
• Went. E.; Went. Off.; Went. Off. Ex. — Wentworth's Office, and Duty of Executors.
• Wight. — Wightwick's Reports.
• Wil.; Wils. — Wilson's Reports in Chancery.
• Will. S. — Willes's Reports.
• Wils. & Sh. — Wilson and Shaw's Reports of Cases in House of Lords.
• Win. — Winch's Reports. Common Pleas. 1757.
• Wi. Ent. — Winch's Entries.
• Wms.Just. — Williams's Justice.
• Wms. Prec. — Williams's Precedents.
• Wms. — Williams's Rep., or Peere Williams.
• Wood's Inst. — Wood's Institutes.
• Woodf. — Woodfall's Law of Landlord and Tenant.
• Wr. Ten. — Wright's Tenures.
• Wy. Pr. R. — Wyatt's Practical Register.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - V V - W - Y

• Y. B.; Yr. B. — Year Books. The Year Books are quoted by the Year of each King's Reign, the folio, page and number of the Plea in the page, except par. 5, Liber Assisarum, for which see “Ass.” or “Lib. Ass.” ante.
• Y.C.P. — Precedents of Proceedings on the Yeomanry Cavalry Act, published July 1822.
• Yelv. — Yelverton's Reports.
• Younge & J. — Younge and Jervis's Exchequer Reports.

“The modes of quoting the Civil and Canon Laws. — The Institutions are contained in four Books: each Book is divided into Titles; and each Title into paragraphs; of which the first, described by the Letters pr. or princip. is not numbered. The Digests or Pandects are in fifty Books: each Book is distributed into Titles; each Title into Laws; and, very frequently, Laws into Paragraphs, of which the first is not numbered. The Code is comprised in twelve Books: each of which is divided, like the Digests, into Titles and Laws; and, sometimes, Laws into Paragraphs. The Novels are distinguished by their Number, Chapter, and Paragraph.

“The old way of quoting was much more troublesome, by only mentioning the Number, or initial Words, of the Paragraph or Law, without expressing the number either of Book or Title. Thus, § si adversus, 12 Inst, de Nuptiis, means the 12th Paragraph of the Title in the Institutions de Nuptiis, which Paragraph begins with the Words si adversus; and which a modern Civilian would cite thus, I. 1. 10. 12. So l. 30 D. de R. J. signifies the 30th, Law of the Title in the Digests de Regulis Juris: according to the modern way thus, D. 50. 17. 30. Again, I. 5. § 3. ff. de Jurejur. means the 3d Paragraph of the 5th Law of the Title in the Digests de Jurejurando: better thus, D. 12. 2. 5. 3. And here note, that the Digests are sometimes referred to, as in the last instance, by a double f; and at other times by the Greek Π or π.

“The method of quoting the Roman Canon Law is as follows. The Decree, as said above, consists of three Parts; of which the first contains 101 Distinctions, each Distinction being subdivided into Canons: thus, 1 dist. c. 3. Lex (or 1 d. Lex) is the first Distinction, and 3d Canon, beginning with the word Lex. The second part of the Decree contains 36 Causes; each Cause comprehending several Questions, and each Question several Canons: thus 3. qu. 9. c. 2. Caveant is Cause the 3d, Question the 9th, and Canon the 2d, beginning with Caveant. The third part of the Decree contains 5 Distinctions, and is quoted as the first part, with the addition of the words de Consecratione; thus, de Consecr. dist. 2. can. Quia corpus (or, can. Quia corpus 35. dist. 2. d. Consecr.) means the 2d Distinction, and the 35th Canon of the Treatise de Consecratione, which Canon begins with Quia corpus.

“The Decretals are in three Parts; of which the first contains Gregory's Decretals in 5 Books; each Book being divided into Titles, and each Title into Chapters: and these are cited by the name of the title, and the number of the chapter, with the addition of the word Extra, or the capital letter X: thus, c. 3. Extra de Usuris; is the 3d Chapter of the Title in Gregory's Decretals, which is inscribed de Usuris; which Title, by looking into the Index, is found to be the 19th of the 5th Book. Thus also, c. cum contingat. 36 X. de Offic. & Pot. Jud. Del. is the 36th Chapter, beginning with Cum contingat of the Title, in Gregory's Decretals, which is inscribed de Officio et Potestate Judicis Delgati; and which, by consulting the Index, we find is the 29th Title of the 1st Book. The Sixth Decretal, and the Clementine; Constitutions, each consisting of .5 Books, are quoted in the same manner as Gregory's Decretals; only, instead of Extra or X, there is subjoined in sexto or in 6, and in Clementinis or in Clem, according as either part is referred to: thus, c. Si gratiose 5 de Rescrip. in 6, is the 5th Chapter, beginning with Si gratiose, of the Title de Rescriptis, in the 6th Decretal; the Title so inscribed being the 3d of the 1st Book: and Clem. 1. de Sent, et Re Judic. (or, de Sent. et R. J. ut calumniis, in Clem) (or, c. ut calumniis 1. de Sent. et R. J. in Clem.) is the first Chapter of the Clementine Constitutions, under the Title de Sententiâ et Re Judicatâ; which Chapter begins with Ut calumniis, and belongs to the xith Title of the 2d Book.

”The Extravagants of John the 22d are contained in one Book, divided into 14 Titles: thus, Extravag. Ad Conditorem, Joh. 22. de V.S. means the Chapter, beginning with Ad Conditorem, of the Extravagants of John 22d; Title, de Verborum Significationibus. Lastly, the Extravagants of later Popes are called Communes, being distributed into S Books, and these again into Titles and Chapters: thus Extravag. Commun. c. Salvator. de Praebend. is the Chapter beginning with Salvator, among the Extravagantes Communes; Title, de Praebendis” — Bibliotheca Legum. See Dr. Hallifax's Analysis of the Roman Civil Law, and Butler's Horae Juridicae Subsecivae.